West Nile virus (WNV) represents one of the most significant arboviral threats in the modern world, particularly due to its complex transmission dynamics involving wildlife, vectors, and incidental human involvement. First isolated in 1937 in Uganda’s West Nile district, the virus has since spread across continents, causing sporadic outbreaks and establishing endemic cycles in regions […]
Rapid Encephalitis Risks-Powassan virus (POWV) represents one of the most concerning emerging tick-borne pathogens in North America, drawing increasing attention from public health officials, researchers, and the general public. Named after the town in Ontario, Canada, where it was first identified in 1958 following a fatal case of encephalitis in a young boy, POWV belongs […]